In the KAWA model, what is indicated by the "rocks" in the river drawing?

The "rocks" in the KAWA model represent obstacles or challenges that individuals face in their lives. This model, which uses the metaphor of a river to represent life, illustrates how various elements such as water (representing life flow), the riverbed (indicating the cultural context and environment), and rocks (reflecting difficulties) all interact. The presence of rocks signifies barriers that can hinder the smooth flow of the river, akin to how obstacles can impede a person's ability to pursue their goals, engage in activities, or maintain well-being. Recognizing these rocks enables therapists to understand the specific challenges clients encounter and develop strategies to navigate or mitigate these barriers effectively.